提交人:胡红红
Carbonic anhydrases are upstream regulators of CO2 signaling in guard cells Honghong Hu1*, Julian I. Schroeder2
1College of Life Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 2 Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA. *Corresponding Author:Tel: (+8627) 87385931; E-mail: huhh@mail.hzau.edu.cn
Abstract We know ambient CO2 is continuing rising and this rising CO2 causes plants stomatal pores closing and thus regulates plant gas exchange---CO2 influx into plants and water loss by transpiration. However, little is known about the early CO2 sensing mechanisms that control plant gas exchange. Recently, we found that CO2-binding proteins, βCA1 and βCA4, are required for [CO2] regulation of stomatal movements and also stomatal development, functioning as the earliest components in guard cell signaling pathway. Interestingly, CA-mediated stomatal CO2 responses are not directly linked to photosynthesis and originate in guard cells. Guard cell over-expression of either CA1 or CA4 in wild-type plants greatly enhances water use efficiency. Further physiological research showed that CA-mediated catalysis is a major mechanism for βCA-mediated CO2-induced stomatal closing and elevated HCO3-, more than CO2 and protons, functions as a small-molecule transducer to activate anion channels in guard cells. In this pathway, Ca2+ is required for HCO3- activation of S-type anion channel and the activation is mediated by SLAC1. Furthermore, several proteins were identified as interactors of CA1 and CA4, indicating there is another mechanism for CA1 and CA4 in CO2 regulation of stomatal movement. The detailed data will be presented at the meeting.
Key Words: βCA1 and βCA4; CO2; HCO3-; guard cell; stomatal movement; signaling
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